Acid-Base Balance in Healthy Adults

Beneficial Effects of Bicarbonate and Sodium-Rich Mineral Water in a Randomized Controlled Trial: The BicarboWater Study

verfasst von

Katharina Mansouri, Theresa Greupner, Edda van de Flierdt, Inga Schneider, Andreas Hahn

Abstract

Background. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are a global health challenge. Te complex etiology of NCDs involves genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, including dietary habits. Chronic latent metabolic acidosis has been associated with an increased risk of NCDs. Alkalizing diets and mineral water consumption have shown promise in improving acid-base balance and potentially impacting NCDs. Methods. In this randomized controlled intervention study, the efect of drinking 1, 500-2, 000 mL of mineral water daily on acid-base balance was evaluated. Ninety-four healthy participants were divided into two groups: one consumed mineral water with a high bicarbonate and sodium content (HBS, n = 49) and the other consumed mineral water with a low bicarbonate and sodium content (LBS, n = 45). Changes in venous blood gas and urinary acid-base parameters were measured over a short-term (3 days) and long-term (28 days) intervention period. Potential renal acid load (PRAL) and nutrient intake were calculated at baseline and after 28 days. Results. HBS water consumption led to increased urinary pH (24-hour urine and spontaneous urine, both p < 0.001) and bicarbonate levels (p < 0.001), accompanied by reduced titratable acids (p < 0.001) and ammonium (p < 0.001), resulting in a lower renal net acid excretion (p < 0.001). Tese changes occurred in the short term and persisted until the end of the study. LBS consumption showed no signifcant efects on urinary pH but led to a slight decrease in bicarbonate (p < 0.001) and NH₄⁺ (p < 0.001), resulting in a slight decrease in NAE (p = 0.011). Blood gas changes were modest in both groups. Mineral water consumption in the HBS group altered dietary intake of sodium and chloride, contributing to changes in PRAL values. Conclusion. Te study demonstrates that the consumption of mineral water high in bicarbonate and sodium (1, 500 mL-2, 000 mL/day) can positively infuence urinary acid-base parameters and reduce NAE, suggesting potential benefts in maintaining acid-base balance without adverse efects on human health. Tese fndings highlight the importance of mineral water composition in acid-base regulation. Tis trial is registered with DRKS00025341.

Organisationseinheit(en)

Institut für Lebensmittelwissenschaft und Humanernährung
Abteilung Ernährungsphysiologie und Humanernährung
Institute of Food and One Health

Typ

Artikel

Journal

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism

Band

2024

ISSN

2090-0724

Publikationsdatum

09.04.2024

Publikationsstatus

Elektronisch veröffentlicht (E-Pub)

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Endokrinologie, Diabetes und Stoffwechsel, Lebensmittelwissenschaften, Ernährung und Diätetik

Ziele für nachhaltige Entwicklung

SDG 3 – Gute Gesundheit und Wohlergehen

Elektronische Version(en)

https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/3905500 (Zugang: Offen)